Prostate Cancer Awareness Month: 10 Things to Know About Prostate Cancer

September is Prostate Cancer Awareness Month, a time to focus on one of the most common types of cancer affecting men. The good news is that when prostate cancer is detected early, it is also one of the most treatable forms of cancer. Here are ten important facts that every man—and everyone who cares about one—should know:

1. Prostate Cancer is Common

Prostate cancer affects about one in eight men. More than 175,000 men in the United States are diagnosed with prostate cancer each year.

2. It Can Be Deadly

Each year, more than 30,000 men die from prostate cancer. The disease is often diagnosed at an advanced stage when it is no longer treatable.

3. Early Detection is Key

When prostate cancer is detected early, it is usually very treatable. The five-year survival rate for men who are diagnosed early is more than 99 percent. Regular screening is crucial for early detection.

4. Prostate Cancer Often Grows Slowly

Prostate cancer generally grows slowly and may not cause symptoms until it reaches a more advanced stage. This slow growth can make early detection through screening even more important.

5. Symptoms at Later Stages

At later stages, prostate cancer symptoms may include:

• Urinary obstruction or difficulty urinating.
• Blood in the urine or semen.
• Bone pain.

These symptoms can indicate that the cancer has progressed and needs immediate medical attention.

6. Risk Factors Increase with Age and Genetics

Prostate cancer risk increases with age, especially for men over 50. Several genetic factors also elevate the risk:

• A family history of prostate cancer.
• A female family member with a history of breast or ovarian cancer.
• A family member with a BRCA gene mutation.
• Black men are more likely to develop prostate cancer and are at higher risk of dying from the disease.

7. Know When to Begin Screening

Most men should start regular prostate cancer screenings at age 50. However, men who fall into higher-risk categories—such as those with a family history or who are Black—should consider beginning screenings earlier. Your doctor can help determine the right schedule for you.

8. Screening Methods

Screening for prostate cancer typically includes:

• A digital rectal examination (DRE).
• A blood test to measure prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels.
• An MRI may also provide more detailed images in some instances.

9. Treatment Options

Prostate cancer can be treated in several ways:

• Radiation therapy or surgery to remove the entire prostate are common treatments.
• Some cases are monitored over time, a practice known as “active surveillance,” where treatment is delayed or avoided until it becomes necessary.

10. Lowering Your Risk

To reduce your risk of developing prostate cancer:

• Eat a healthy diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains.
• Exercise regularly and maintain a healthy weight.
• Avoid tobacco and limit alcohol consumption.
• Reduce your intake of red meat, particularly charred red meat, which may increase cancer risk.

Take Action for Your Health

Prostate cancer is a serious health issue, but early detection and lifestyle choices can significantly improve outcomes. Talk to your doctor about your risk factors, schedule regular screenings, and make healthy lifestyle choices to lower your risk. Prostate Cancer Awareness Month is a great reminder for every man to take charge of his health.