What is body dysmorphic disorder?

Body dysmorphic disorder is a mental health condition that causes the affected person to obsess over perceived flaws in their appearance. Often, these supposed defects are considered minor or even indiscernible by others. Here’s an overview of this disorder, which can get worse over time if left untreated.

Symptoms
Someone with body dysmorphic disorder is likely to be extremely preoccupied with one or more perceived physical imperfections such as wrinkles or the shape of their nose. Other common signs of this condition include:

• Engaging in behaviors intended to hide or fix the supposed flaw, such as frequently looking in the mirror, using makeup, or getting cosmetic procedures.

• Insisting that the perceived flaw makes them ugly and believing that others mock or think negatively about them because of it.

• Frequently comparing their physical traits to others and seeking reassurance from the surrounding people about aspects of their appearance.

For many people with body dysmorphic disorder, shame and embarrassment about their appearance can cause them to avoid social situations, develop anxiety or depression and have suicidal thoughts. If you know someone who seems to be obsessed with their appearance, it’s important not to dismiss their distress or make fun of their supposed defects.

Treatments
The most common way to treat body dysmorphic disorder is with cognitive-behavioral therapy. Among other things, this approach can help the affected person recognize and challenge negative thoughts about their body and learn how to cope with urges of hiding or fix their physical features. Additionally, taking medication can be a key component of an effective treatment plan.

If you or a loved one is experiencing symptoms of body dysmorphic disorder, don’t hesitate to reach out to a mental health professional.