ADHD in girls versus boys: why girls often go undiagnosed

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, boys are three times more likely than girls to be diagnosed with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). However, girls aren’t less prone to ADHD, rather, their symptoms differ and are less easy to recognize.

Research shows that while boys tend to demonstrate hyperactive behaviors and externalized symptoms of ADHD—running around indoors, acting out, fidgeting, etc.— girls more often exhibit inattentive behaviors and internalized symptoms like anxiety.

Because girls’ symptoms are less noticeable, parents and teachers often don’t recognize them as signs of ADHD. As a result, many girls with ADHD aren’t diagnosed until well into their teens and twenties. In some cases, it’s misdiagnosed as a learning disability or mood disorder.

Undiagnosed ADHD in girls can lead to low self-esteem and mental health issues like depression, anxiety and eating disorders. They’re also more likely to struggle in social situations and personal relationships.

Some common symptoms of ADHD in girls include low self-esteem, appearing withdrawn, anxiety, forgetfulness, difficulty focusing, messiness and a tendency to daydream.

Boys’ symptoms are more likely to include hyperactivity, excessive talking, difficulty sitting still and physical aggression.

(These are just generalizations and some girls with ADHD exhibit hyperactive behaviors while some boys may respond to the disorder by becoming quiet and withdrawn.)

If you’re a parent or teacher, keep in mind that hyperactivity isn’t the only way that ADHD manifests in children. Look out for all possible signs of ADHD and get a professional diagnosis if necessary.