Diabetes in cats and dogs

Just like humans, cats and dogs can suffer from diabetes mellitus. Nick¬named the “silent killer,” this chronic disease is caused by a lack of insulin or an inability to use it.

Normally, insulin is secreted by the pancreas and delivers glucose from the bloodstream into the body’s cells where it’s then used as energy. But when there’s an insulin deficiency, or the cells in the body are unable to use the insulin it produces, an abnormally high blood sugar level is the result.

If left untreated, diabetes mellitus can cause health complications like cataracts, urinary tract infections, seizures and kidney failure. In the very worst cases, it can induce a coma or even lead to death.

At-risk breeds
All cats are at risk of suffering from diabetes mellitus, especially as they age. It’s a bit different with dogs. The risk of developing the condition is higher among certain breeds like Maltese, dachshunds, miniature poodles and Labradors. But whatever the breed, unneutered females, older dogs and those that are obese are among the most regularly affected.

Signs to look for
Early signs of diabetes to watch for in your animal include excessive thirst, increased urination, increased appetite and weight loss. Advanced signs include loss of appetite, lack of energy, depressed attitude and vomiting. If you observe such changes in your animal, consult a veterinarian right away. The quicker a diagnosis can be made (using blood and urine tests), the better the chances of your pet living comfortably with the condition.

Treatment
Diabetes is treated in animals in much the same way as it is in humans: through daily insulin shots, a special diet and moderate but consistent exercise. Diligently following these recommendations and all others given by your veterinarian will help your pet live a healthy, normal life.