Are you allergic? Ragweed brings cold-like symptoms

As many as 20 percent of North Americans are allergic to ragweed pollen, according to the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology.

The pollen circulates from mid-August until the first frost comes in late fall. If you are among those who are sensitive to it, you will probably start experiencing symptoms that resemble a cold: Runny nose, congestion, itchy eyes.

If you know ragweed is a problem, start taking an allergy medication on or before the 15th.

Antihistamines in particular take several days to reach full effectiveness. Take the medication every day.

Ragweed pollen can be carried by wind currents for many miles. Though there may be none in your yard or neighboring yards, it’s still out there. One plant can put out up to 1 billion grains of pollen.

* Non-drowsy over-the-counter antihistamine/decongestants (tablets, caplets, or liquid) include Claritin, Zyrtec and Tavist. Allegra is available only by prescription. They treat nose and eye problems, sneezing, hives and congestion.

* Corticosteroids, such as prednisone, are used to treat severe symptoms caused by all types of allergic reactions. They come in tablets, nasal sprays, and inhalers such as Azmacort, Flovent and Pulmacort. They are usually prescribed for only short periods of time because of the serious side effects of long-term use.

In the future, allergy serums may be available that will eliminate the need for most other allergy medications. The Food and Drug Administration is working to standardize biological extracts to test and treat patients with allergies.

The extracts are made from natural sources, such as pollens, animals and foods that trigger allergic reactions.