Tips for Staying Safe Around Unfamiliar Dogs

As spring brings warmer weather and more time outdoors, people are more likely to encounter neighbors’ pets while walking, visiting parks, or spending time in their communities. While dogs can be friendly companions, safety experts say it’s important to approach unfamiliar animals carefully.

The Humane Society of the United States offers several guidelines to help people safely interact with dogs they do not know.

One of the most important rules is to always ask the owner for permission before petting a dog. Even if the dog appears calm, the owner can tell you whether the animal is comfortable meeting new people.

If permission is given, allow the dog to sniff the back of your hand first. This helps the dog identify you through scent, which is how dogs naturally gather information about people.

Experts also warn never to touch a dog without letting it see and smell you first. Sudden, unexpected approaches from behind can startle an animal and may prompt a defensive reaction.

Another situation that requires caution is when a dog is inside a vehicle. Even if the dog knows you, reaching through a car window can trigger a protective response. The dog may believe it needs to guard its space and react aggressively.

People should also avoid approaching strange dogs that are confined or restrained, such as those tied up, behind fences, or on chains. Dogs in these situations may feel trapped and become protective of their territory.

Running near a dog is another action that can cause problems. Dogs have a natural instinct to chase moving objects. Experts advise not to run past a dog or turn your back and run away, as this can trigger that instinct.

Sudden movements can also excite or alarm a dog. Waving arms, making jerky motions, or screaming, even while playing, may encourage the animal to chase or react defensively.

Eye contact is another behavior to watch. Staring directly into a dog’s eyes can be interpreted as a challenge, since dogs often use direct eye contact as a signal of confrontation.

Special care is also needed when dealing with injured animals. Even normally gentle pets may bite if they are frightened or in pain. If you need to help an injured dog, move slowly and cautiously. Avoid picking the dog up or petting it immediately. In some situations, gently placing a loose muzzle using a leash or strip of cloth may help prevent bites while the animal receives help.

For dog owners, experts recommend never teaching a dog to attack on command, such as training it to “sic” someone. Encouraging aggressive behavior can increase the risk of injury.

Dogs can be loyal and loving companions, but respecting their instincts and boundaries is key—especially when the animal belongs to someone else.